Prior to the Industrial Revolution nearly all accounting was concerned with the activities of government. With the onset of The Industrial Revolution (1750-1850) and the period of economic growth in Great Britain, what emerged was the passing of management from owners to professional managers. It thus became necessary for Auditors, independent of management, to be employed to detect clerical errors and any management fraud. Consequently, Auditors began to periodically report on the work they had performed to the owners of an entity, and thus the concept of what is now referred to as the "Independent Auditor's Report" emerged.
From 1940 onwards, it became increasingly accepted by the auditing profession, that the primary objective of an audit was to provide an opinion on the financial statements and that the detection of fraud and error was very much a secondary objective. Since 1960, the auditing profession throughout the world experienced significant increases in wages' costs. This, combined with the increasing complexity of business and the use of computerized information systems, led to an increased demand for more efficient and effective methods of auditing. Although the objectives of an audit have remained unchanged since about 1940, pressure from the public to widen audit objectives to embrace, for example, the detection of fraud, continues today.
Other related roles that may be of interest:
Auditor
Audit Supervisor
Audit Manager
Management Accountant
Private Practice Accountant
Public Finance Accountant
Accounting Technician
Local Government Officer
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